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SYLLABUSES
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SHIP CONSTRUCTION AND STABILITY
[First Year] [Second
Year] [Third Year] [Fourth
Year]
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FIRST YEAR
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Simple line sketches, well proportioned, should be drawn to illustrate answers to questions, whenever possible.
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TYPES OF SHIPS: Dry cargo-simple general description; arrangement of holds, ballast and propelling spaces. Tankers-general description; arrangement of tanks, cofferdams, etc. General description of own ship and outlines.
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STRESSES: Simple treatment of stresses on a beam:
(i) supported at both ends,
(ii) supported in middle, leading to elementary knowledge of ship stresses (e.g. hogging, sagging, racking). General distribution of material and efforts to compensate these stresses. Ship as a girder, development of elementary idea.
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CONNECTIONS: Types of riveted and welded connections.
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DECKS: General description of plating, arrangement of strakes and plates; camber; butts and seams and edge seams. Weather deck stringer, stringer angle, shell connection as a unit. Location of air and sounding pipes to bilges and tanks. Deck service and fire lines and connections. Waterways and scuppers. Bollards, fairleads.
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BULWARKS: Plating, stiffening and staying; freeing ports; open rails, relative merits and advantages. Mooring pipes and horns, fairleads.
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VENTS: Coamings, cowls, trunks.
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SIMPLE SKETCHING: Use of scales; plan, elevation, end view and sections of simple forms. Simple dimensioned sketches (e.g. plain angle section
3½ x 3 x .30).
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| SECOND YEAR |
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Fuller and more detailed knowledge and facility in sketching of equipment included in the first year syllabus. Suitable sketches to illustrate answers to questions should be drawn wherever possible.
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SHELL: Plating systems; attachment to frames, joggling, edge seams and butts, lapped and strapped joints, riveted and welded joints. Common types of weld, butt, lap, fillet, scalloped frame. Sheer and garboard strakes, intermediate plating. Plate keels and bilge keels.
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HATCHWAYS: Coamings, portable beams, sockets, cleats. Weather deck and
'tween deck coamings. Covers, general description and relative merits of wood and steel covers.
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MASTS, DERRICK POSTS AND DERRICKS: Mast and derrick posts; stepping on deck, support, rigging, screws and eyeplates. Derricks; gooseneck connections, bands, gins.
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DECK MACHINERY AND FITTINGS: Cargo winches, windlasses, boat winches; hawse pipe, spurling pipe, compressors; winch and windlass beds or
seatings. (General descriptions of those types with which a cadet is acquainted in his own ship.) Layout of fo'c'stle head and poop.
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TYPES OF SHIPS: Insulated ships; general description, elementary ideas on refrigeration and carriage of refrigerated cargoes. Refrigeration systems, methods of insulation.
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STABILITY: Laws of flotation. Effects of water pressures on hull. Definitions of C.B. and C.G. displacement (vol. and wt.). Conditions of equilibrium, stable, neutral and unstable.
Metacentre, definition and importance; transverse inclinations only. Simple calculations on stability of box-shaped vessels.
Effect of loading, discharging and shifting weights (cargo, bunkers, ballast) on C.G. of ships. Simple numerical examples (confined to one item of weight in any example). Meaning of terms `stiff' and `tender' ships.
Use of scales or curves of displacement and T.P.I. Calculations of change of draught whilst loading or discharging. Effect of change of displacement on
C.B.
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| THIRD YEAR |
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Sketches showing some detail should be attempted in the third year to amplify answers to questions. Such
sketches should reflect the student's observations on board his own ship, rather than studies from text books.
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HOLDS: Internal structure; frames, beams, knees, tank side brackets, tank margins, tank top plating. Sections for frames, beams and stiffeners. Common arrangements and spacing, joggling of frame and plating. Tank lids, drainage, bilges and wells. Strums. Tank and bilge pumping arrangements. Cargo battens.
Bulkheads, plating and stiffening, stringers and attachment to shell and bulkheads.
Pillaring, types and systems. Lower hold and 'tween decks. 'Tween decks; framing, plating, attachment to shell, water-tightness, drainage.
Compensation for large openings.
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DEEP TANKS: General construction, internal arrangements, comparison with dry cargo holds. Stiffening, coamings and lids.
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CELLULAR DOUBLE BOTTOM: General construction. Floors, plate and bracket; centre and side girders, continuous and
intercostal, attachments to keel and shell. Thwartship unit; beam, frame, knees and brackets, floor, associated with tank margin and centre and side girders.
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WOOD DECKS: Sheathing on steel decks, details of fastenings; butts; caulking and
watertightness.
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STEERING GEARS: Chain and rod; steering engines and quadrants; emergency gears, brakes. Hydraulic steering gear.
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RUDDERS: Single plate, pintles and gudgeons.
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STABILITY: General ideas on distribution of weight while loading and discharging. Behaviour of stiff and tender vessels in a seaway. Amelioration of stiffness and tenderness in a ship by judicious loading. Effect of trim on ship's behaviour at sea.
Determination of hog or sag from draught and freeboard particulars. Trim and
M.C.T. 1", simple calculations involving distribution of cargo forward and aft and final draught and trim.
Ballasting; solid and fluid. General ideas on danger of slack tanks.
Further calculations involved in the loading and discharging of a ship affecting displacement, mean draught and
C.G.
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| FOURTH YEAR |
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Detailed sketching should be further developed and practised during the fourth year.
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FORE END: Stem and fore peak, general internal arrangement. Pounding and panting stresses and stiffening against these stresses. Connections between stem and flat plate keel.
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AFTER END: Stern post and after peak, general internal arrangements, stiffening against panting and vibration. Connections between stern post and flat plate keel.
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| SHIP AS GIRDER: Longitudinal framing.
General ideas on distribution of material. Special strengthening and
stiffening (descriptive only). |
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